在新聞報(bào)刊中，常常要對(duì)一些專有名詞進(jìn)行翻譯，特別是對(duì)一些熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注問(wèn)題的核心詞匯的翻譯更是出現(xiàn)了多種版本，那么，到底怎么翻才算是合情合理的呢？下面就以"三通"，"四項(xiàng)基本原則"和"五好家庭"為例，來(lái)簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下：
1.三通
字面英譯：three links
常見釋譯：three (direct) links (across the Taiwan Straits, namely, link of trade, travel and post); link of trade, travel and post (between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits)
解釋說(shuō)明：若不做解釋性增譯而是把"三通"照字直譯為"three links"的話，估計(jì)沒(méi)有多少外國(guó)讀者看得懂，恐怕連有些中國(guó)人也不懂。"三通"是個(gè)概括的說(shuō)法，特指海峽兩岸之間的通商、通航和通郵。新聞翻譯要使人一目了然，不可晦澀難懂，需酌情作些解釋性增譯。上述譯文清晰地顯示了"三通"的內(nèi)容。
曾有人把"三通"譯作"three exchanges, the exchange of trade, travel and post"。這樣譯似不妥，一是嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)，英語(yǔ)中trade這個(gè)詞所表示的語(yǔ)義本身就是雙向的，本身就含有exchange之義。二是"exchange"的詞義是"交換"或"交流"，與"三通"中的"通"的含義有較大的距離。換言之，用"three exchanges"來(lái)譯"三通"，"通"的含義不明顯，改譯成"three links"或"three direct links"，"通"字所表示的意義就譯出來(lái)了。
實(shí)證舉隅：Mass media here call on Taiwan authorities to take immediate positive steps towards realizing the link of trade, travel and post between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and the peaceful reunification of the motherland.
2.四項(xiàng)基本原則
字面英譯：the Four Cardinal Principles
常見釋譯：the Four Cardinal Principles (i.e. adhering to the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought)
3.五好家庭
字面英譯：Five Virtues Family
常見釋譯：Five Virtues Family (outstanding in such five aspects as law-abiding, diligent study, family planning, domestic harmony, and industrious and thrifty management of the household) |
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